OAT
INTRODUCTION
Botanical Name :- Avena sativa
Family:- Poaceae
Chromosome number:- 2n= 42
Origin:- Africa
TAXONOMY
Kingdom:- Plantae
Class:- Monocotyledons
Order:- Cyperales
Family:- Poaceae
Genus:- Avena
Species:- sativa
FLORAL BIOLOGY
The flower are enclosed in a scales or bracts and grouped in a characteristic structure are called spicklet.
Spikelet of oat are arranged in a panicle.
Floret may very from 2 to 3 .
Open primary floret .
Unopened secondary floret .
Rudimentary tertiary floret.
IMPORTANCE
Oat ranks 6th in the world cereal production.
Most of the oat grain is consumed as animal feed .
They're good sources of protein , fibers and minerals.
Oat used as an animal feed and fuel for power plant .
Protein :- 5-17%
Mineral:- 3-16%
SOIL
It can be cultivated on all type of soil . Well drained loamy soil rich in organic matter is suitable for cultivation.
pH range = 5-6 is optimum for oat .
CLIMATE
Suitable temperature range is 20-30°c .
Rainfall = 20-30 degree Celsius.
Sowing temperature= 20-24 degree Celsius.
Harvesting temperature= 25-30 degree Celsius.
VARIETIES
Swan,83-INC,19 G-3, Kent , Karishma, Weston-11, HFO-114,brunker 10.
FIELD PREPARATION
land should be properly prepared to form a weed free field. Ploughing should be done 6-8 times to gain higher yield. Oat crop can tolerate higher pH levels then barley and wheat. Propagation in oat is done through seeds.
TIME OF SOWING
Second week of October to last week of October is optimum for sowing seeds.
SPACING
25-30cm (row to row)
SOWING DEPTH
Depth should be 3-4cm.
METHOD OF SOWING
Sowing is done through drilling method zero tillage drill.
SEED RATE
25kg per hectare.
SEED TREATMENT
Seed should be treated with Captan or thiram @3gm per kg of seed to protect seed from various fungal and pathogenic diseases.
FERTILIZER
NPK= 75:50:0
FYM= 25-30 q per hectare.
